
The Media Reform Coalition has conducted in-depth research on the controversy surrounding antisemitism in the Labour Party, focusing on media coverage of the crisis during the summer of 2018. Following extensive case study research, we identified myriad inaccuracies and distortions in online and television news including marked skews in sourcing, omission of essential context or right of reply, misquotation, and false assertions made either by journalists themselves or sources whose contentious claims were neither challenged nor countered. Overall, our findings were consistent with a disinformation paradigm.
We use the concept of disinformation to denote systematic reporting failures that broadly privileged a particular political agenda and ideological narrative. This does not mean that these failures were intentional or that journalists and news institutions were inherently biased. We recognize, for instance, that resource pressures combined with acute and complex controversies can foster particular source dependencies or blind spots.
Nor does our research speak in any way to allegations of smear tactics. To interrogate the root causes of disinformation would necessitate a far more wide-ranging study than was undertaken here. We start from the well-founded assumption that concerns about antisemitic hate speech within the Labour Party are genuine and not necessarily or entirely misplaced. There have been unambiguous examples of racist discourse invoking holocaust denial, generalized references to Jews in stereotyped contexts, and critiques of Zionists or Zionism that explicitly use the terms as proxies for Jews. Some of these cases have involved holders of official positions within the party, including local councilors.
Alongside such cases, there is a contested category of discourse that may be considered offensive or insensitive but not necessarily racist. Indeed, determining what counts as antisemitism lies at the heart of the wider controversy that has been played out in reams of column inches and air time since 2015, and with particular intensity during the spring and summer of 2018. We reserve judgement on this central point of contention but acknowledge legitimate views on both sides, as well as a spectrum in which relatively extreme and moderate positions are easily identifiable.
We recognize that this controversy – on the surface at least – involves prominent voices in a minority community accusing a major political party of harbouring racism directed towards them. What’s more, these voices have been vocally supported by many high profile Labour MPs. In such circumstances we expect journalists to take these concerns seriously, view them as inherently newsworthy, and not necessarily afford equal time and attention to contesting views. It is also important to stress that journalists must be allowed – on occasion – to get the story wrong: the public interest is never served by an overly cautious press.
But we do expect professional journalists to strive for accuracy, to establish essential contextual facts in any given story, and to actively seek out dissenting or contesting opinion including, in this case, within the minority group in question, within other affected minorities, and amongst relevant experts (both legal and academic). Nor do the particular complexities and sensitivities absolve journalists of their responsibility to offer a due right of reply to the accused or to interrogate contentious claims made by sources on all sides.
Overall, we found 95 clear cut examples of misleading or inaccurate reporting on mainstream television and online news platforms, with a quarter of the total sample containing at least one such example. The problem was especially pronounced on television – which reaches far wider audiences by comparison – where two thirds of the news segments on television contained at least one reporting error or substantive distortion.
Underlying these figures was a persistent subversion of conventional news values:
- Several reports focused on a controversial social media post by Jeremy Corbyn omitted any mention that it was made six years ago, with some emphasising a sense of currency and recency that failed to make clear the historical context of the post.
- Journalists covering the launch of Labour’s antisemitism report in 2016 routinely misquoted an activist in ways that were entirely removed from his original comment, in spite of a video recording of the event that was readily and immediately accessible.
- Above all, coverage of Labour’s revised code of conduct during the summer of 2018 often entirely omitted critical discussion of the ‘working definition’ of antisemitism put forward by the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA), and wrongly characterized it as consensual and universally adopted.
In fact, we established through background case research that
- Although the IHRA is an international body with representatives from 31 countries, only six of those countries have, to date, formally adopted the definition themselves.
- In spite of a call for local authorities to adopt the definition by the UK’s central government in early 2017, Less than a third of councils have responded and several of those have chosen not to include any of the controversial examples contained within the working definition.
- Several high-profile bodies have rejected or distanced themselves from the working definition, including the EU’s Fundamental Rights Agency (a successor to the body that drafted the original wording on which the definition is based) and academic institutions including the London School of Economics and School of Oriental and African Studies.
- Mainstream academic and legal opinion has been overwhelmingly critical of the IHRA definition, including formal opinions produced by four leading UK barristers.
Virtually none of this essential context found its way into news reports of the controversy. Instead, the Labour Party was routinely portrayed by both sources and correspondents as beyond the pale of conventional thinking on the IHRA definition.
This matters because although the manifest issue at stake is not outwardly political in nature, the controversy is inextricably linked to a wider ideological conflict that has been playing out within the Labour Party for some years, and within British politics more broadly. To that extent, such controversies bring into sharp relief the news media’s role and responsibilities in nurturing inclusive public debate and contributing to an informed citizenry.
It also matters because the misreporting of antisemitism risks normalizing or distracting attention from certain forms of antisemitic discourse. Distortions also risk stirring racial tensions by provoking counter-outrage that may be misdirected at Jews on either the left or right of the political spectrum. It is notable in this respect that in 2016, a Daily Mail columnist who has been outspoken on this issue described one Corbyn supporter as a “useful Jewish idiot”; whilst in 2018, the Prime Minister’s warm congratulatory words offered to her Malaysian counterpart – a leader who has openly described himself as an ‘antisemite’ – received barely no attention at all in mainstream news, despite antisemitism being such a salient issue on the news agenda at the time.
In sum, although our findings do not engage directly with the controversy – shedding no further light on what is antisemitism nor how prevalent it is within the Labour Party – we can say with some certainty that there have been prevalent errors, omissions and skews in the mainstream coverage.
This was no anomaly: almost all of the problems observed in both the framing and sourcing of stories were in favour of a particular recurrent narrative: that the Labour Party has been or is being lost to extremists, racists and the ‘hard left’. Some of the most aggressive exponents of this narrative were routinely treated by journalists – paradoxically – as victims of aggression by the party’s ‘high command’.
During the summer of 2018, this controversy reached fever pitch amid claims that the Labour party had become ‘institutionally racist’ under the leadership of Jeremy Corbyn, and that the prospect of a Corbyn-led government posed an ‘existential threat’ to Jewish life in Britain. It has given rise to vocalized threats of a split within the party, further destabilizing politics and signaling a potentially profound reshaping of the British political map. At a time when the country is entering the final stages of its negotiated withdrawal from the European Union, these findings warrant urgent attention from journalists, editors, policymakers and activists alike.
You can read the full report here.
You can read the executive summary here.
NB Full report updated 2 October 2018 to reflect minor copy and formatting amendments.
How can we get this into the news?
Well, the Guardian are assiduously deleting and comments about it on their website – including quite long threads
Are they?
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2018/sep/30/flawed-reporting-on-antisemitism-claims-against-the-labour-party
Encourage politicians who have been victims of these accusations to cite it at every opportunity.
How about events at universities and other debating the topic. The majority remains in the dark, it will wake us Saône
thank goodness- it was so blatant and obvious – that is now official news – we all knew that anyway
Unfortunately it isn’t ‘official’, because the MSM won’t print criticism of themselves. Blogs and the MRC will be dismissed as biased. The academic connection is more useful, but less widely publicised.
This confirms a previous report’s findings from the LSE or Birkbeck.
Excennt work.
Thank yu for a systematic study which supplies useable evidence forour criticism of the MSM
Excennt work.
Thank you for a systematic study which supplies useable evidence for our criticism
of the MSM
It might be official, but the BBC at any rate are not reporting it! (Can’t find anything on their website today).
Who are the authors ? What are their political persuasions ? Is this a truly independent report ?
How does misreporting on this issue from MSM compare to other misreporting on other issues ( Brexit for example) . It’s degrees of relativeness.
Before I have some answers it’s difficult to really judge.
You are following one of the IHRA examples which states that it is anti-semitic to hold Israel more to account than another country in similar circumstances. In other words “Two or more wromgs make a right”.
I agree 100% . Why should Israel be held to such ridiculous double standards . It is already held to a very high level even by Western standards and yet is surrounded by mostly Islamic, hostile or extreme hostile countries . It will always have the right to defend its citizens .
I find what you say incredible.
The shooting of unarmed protesters, every day, is scarcely mentioned. The cutting off of people from their farms, the cutting off of water supply, ditto. What high standards are you talking about?.
If you go to the full report
https://www.mediareform.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/Labour-antisemitism-and-the-news-FINAL-PROOFED.pdf
you’ll be able to see the names and credentials of the authors and you can assess their methodology for yourself.
I find the report credible.
The major problem with the MSM is that it;s mainstream. I too find the report credible, Sadly it;s almost invisible as everything that challenges the mainstream is. Also it’s in the very nature of the MSM that it’s where many people pick up their ‘news’. To a large extent it allows people to feel informed when, in fact, they are being fed a line and reeled in. I suppose the only remedy would be to have an informed citizenry, but the education system is crucial in that respect and many real issues are ruled out of any ‘mainstream’ curriculum as being ‘too political’ or inappropriate in other ways. All of this is unremarkable, as a major characteristic of any actually functioning society is that it reproduces its own conditions of existence. and that kind of system won’t tolerate everyone being properly informed and asking ‘awkward’ questions.. Thankfully, at the moment in our society those who make it their business to be informed and ask the awkward questions can do so, So I guess these calm small voices just have to keep on keeping on,
another troll who cannot even download the report and read about authors / methodology etc
Thank you,. That work so badly needed doing. Now to force change or face disaster, the only Political Party who is able to do it is Labour. For this alone I would vote for them.
Thank you,. That work so badly needed doing. Haven’t been able to listen to the BBC for months.
Very Very Interesting…
Is it possible to get this ind of analysis done by an independent body? It might carry more weight
A letter from me in yesterday’s Northern Echo:
Alistair Rutter (Sept 24) should understand that the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance definition of antisemitism is not a sacred text; it was never intended as anything more than a “non-legally binding working definition.”
It has been harshly criticised by four eminent British lawyers – Geoffrey Robertson QC, Hugh Tomlinson QC, Geoffrey Bindman QC and Sir Stephen Sedley. The latter two are Jewish.
According to Sedley, “It fails the first test of any definition: it is indefinite.” Tomlinson says it is “unclear and confusing and should be used with caution.” Robertson says it is “not fit for any purpose that seeks to use it as an adjudicative standard. It is imprecise, confusing and open to misinterpretation and even manipulation.” Bindman says it is “poorly drafted, misleading, and in practice has led to the suppression of legitimate debate and freedom of expression.”
Labour’s Code of Conduct on Antisemitism was drafted by the NEC’s Equalities subcommittee including two Jewish members. It was intended to provide clear and unambiguous guidance for Party members, and a sound basis for disciplinary action. It included the IHRA definition, but, for good reason, not all of its “illustrative examples.” As Geoffrey Bindman said, “Far from watering down or weakening it, Labour’s Code strengthens it by addressing forms of discrimination that the IHRA overlooked.”
It would be a shame if the campaign of character assassination against Jeremy Corbyn forced Labour to adopt some sort of confusing fudge in place of its original Code.
Pete Winstanley
It’s a pity you don’t have a donate button! I’d certainly doate
to this outstanding blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for
bookmmarking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account.
I lpok forwqrd to new updatres and will tal about this bllog with my Facebook group.
Talk soon!
I fail to see why this report is considered to contain anything of political significance regarding the antisemitism debate within Labour, or why those who deny there is any antisemitism (or not very much anyway) and oppose the IHRC definition are so excited and seem to think this report in some way vindicates them.
Why are the Jewish Chronicle and Jewish News part of the illustration for this report, placed above and behind examples of the MSN? They are not included in the report.
A load of left`wing academics from the department of snowflake and grievance studies at the university of lost trots think the press is biased against Corbyn. How convincing!